Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 7 : Section 6009


   
U.S. Code as of: 01/03/05
Section 6009. Enforcement

    (a) Jurisdiction
      The district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction
    specifically to enforce, and to prevent and restrain a person from
    violating, this chapter or any plan or regulation issued under this
    chapter.
    (b) Referral to Attorney General
      A civil action to be brought under this section shall be referred
    to the Attorney General for appropriate action, except that the
    Secretary is not required to refer to the Attorney General a
    violation of this chapter or any plan or regulation issued under
    this chapter if the Secretary believes that the administration and
    enforcement of this chapter would be adequately served by
    administrative action under subsection (c) of this section or by
    providing a suitable written notice or warning to any person
    committing the violation.
    (c) Civil penalties and orders
      (1) Civil penalties
        (A) In general
          A person who willfully violates any provision of this chapter
        or any plan or regulation issued under this chapter, or who
        fails to pay, collect, or remit any assessment or fee required
        of the person under this chapter or any plan or regulation
        issued under this chapter, may be assessed by the Secretary a
        civil penalty of not less than $1,000 nor more than $10,000 for
        each such violation.
        (B) Separate offense
          Each violation described in subparagraph (A) shall be a
        separate offense.
      (2) Cease and desist orders
        In addition to or in lieu of such civil penalty, the Secretary
      may issue an order requiring such person to cease and desist from
      continuing such violation.
      (3) Notice and hearing
        No penalty shall be assessed or cease and desist order issued
      by the Secretary under this subsection unless the Secretary gives
      the person against whom the order is issued notice and
      opportunity for a hearing on the record with respect to such
      violation.
      (4) Finality
        The order of the Secretary assessing a penalty or imposing a
      cease and desist order shall be final and conclusive unless the
      person against whom the order is issued files an appeal from the
      Secretary's order in accordance with subsection (d) of this
      section.
    (d) Review by district court
      (1) Commencement of action
        A person against whom a civil penalty is assessed or a cease
      and desist order is issued under subsection (c) of this section
      may obtain review of such penalty or order in the district court
      of the United States for the district in which such person
      resides or does business, or in the United States District Court
      for the District of Columbia, by - 
          (A) filing, within the 30-day period beginning on the date
        such penalty is assessed or order issued, a notice of appeal in
        such court; and
          (B) simultaneously sending a copy of the notice by certified
        mail to the Secretary.
      (2) Record
        The Secretary shall promptly file in such court a certified
      copy of the record on which the Secretary found that the person
      had committed a violation.
      (3) Standard of review
        A finding of the Secretary shall be set aside only if the
      finding is found to be unsupported by substantial evidence.
    (e) Failure to obey orders
      Any person who fails to obey a cease and desist order after the
    order has become final and unappealable, or after the appropriate
    district court has entered a final judgment in favor of the
    Secretary, shall be subject to a civil penalty assessed by the
    Secretary, after opportunity for a hearing on the record and for
    judicial review under the procedures specified in subsections (c)
    and (d) of this section, of not more than $1,000 for each offense.
    Each day during which the failure continues shall be considered a
    separate violation of such order.
    (f) Failure to pay penalty
      If a person fails to pay a civil penalty after it has become a
    final and unappealable order issued by the Secretary, or after the
    appropriate district court has entered a final judgment in favor of
    the Secretary, the Secretary shall refer the matter to the Attorney
    General for recovery of the amount assessed in the district court
    of the United States in any district in which the person resides or
    conducts business. In such action, the validity and appropriateness
    of such order imposing such civil penalty shall not be subject to
    review.



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