Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 7 : Section 7


   
U.S. Code as of: 01/03/05
Section 7. Designation of boards of trade as contract markets

    (a) Applications
      A board of trade applying to the Commission for designation as a
    contract market shall submit an application to the Commission that
    includes any relevant materials and records the Commission may
    require consistent with this chapter.
    (b) Criteria for designation
      (1) In general
        To be designated as a contract market, the board of trade shall
      demonstrate to the Commission that the board of trade meets the
      criteria specified in this subsection.
      (2) Prevention of market manipulation
        The board of trade shall have the capacity to prevent market
      manipulation through market surveillance, compliance, and
      enforcement practices and procedures, including methods for
      conducting real-time monitoring of trading and comprehensive and
      accurate trade reconstructions.
      (3) Fair and equitable trading
        The board of trade shall establish and enforce trading rules to
      ensure fair and equitable trading through the facilities of the
      contract market, and the capacity to detect, investigate, and
      discipline any person that violates the rules. The rules may
      authorize - 
          (A) transfer trades or office trades;
          (B) an exchange of - 
            (i) futures in connection with a cash commodity
          transaction;
            (ii) futures for cash commodities; or
            (iii) futures for swaps; or

          (C) a futures commission merchant, acting as principal or
        agent, to enter into or confirm the execution of a contract for
        the purchase or sale of a commodity for future delivery if the
        contract is reported, recorded, or cleared in accordance with
        the rules of the contract market or a derivatives clearing
        organization.
      (4) Trade execution facility
        The board of trade shall - 
          (A) establish and enforce rules defining, or specifications
        detailing, the manner of operation of the trade execution
        facility maintained by the board of trade, including rules or
        specifications describing the operation of any electronic
        matching platform; and
          (B) demonstrate that the trade execution facility operates in
        accordance with the rules or specifications.
      (5) Financial integrity of transactions
        The board of trade shall establish and enforce rules and
      procedures for ensuring the financial integrity of transactions
      entered into by or through the facilities of the contract market,
      including the clearance and settlement of the transactions with a
      derivatives clearing organization.
      (6) Disciplinary procedures
        The board of trade shall establish and enforce disciplinary
      procedures that authorize the board of trade to discipline,
      suspend, or expel members or market participants that violate the
      rules of the board of trade, or similar methods for performing
      the same functions, including delegation of the functions to
      third parties.
      (7) Public access
        The board of trade shall provide the public with access to the
      rules, regulations, and contract specifications of the board of
      trade.
      (8) Ability to obtain information
        The board of trade shall establish and enforce rules that will
      allow the board of trade to obtain any necessary information to
      perform any of the functions described in this subsection,
      including the capacity to carry out such international
      information-sharing agreements as the Commission may require.
    (c) Existing contract markets
      A board of trade that is designated as a contract market on
    December 21, 2000, shall be considered to be a designated contract
    market under this section.
    (d) Core principles for contract markets
      (1) In general
        To maintain the designation of a board of trade as a contract
      market, the board of trade shall comply with the core principles
      specified in this subsection. The board of trade shall have
      reasonable discretion in establishing the manner in which it
      complies with the core principles.
      (2) Compliance with rules
        The board of trade shall monitor and enforce compliance with
      the rules of the contract market, including the terms and
      conditions of any contracts to be traded and any limitations on
      access to the contract market.
      (3) Contracts not readily subject to manipulation
        The board of trade shall list on the contract market only
      contracts that are not readily susceptible to manipulation.
      (4) Monitoring of trading
        The board of trade shall monitor trading to prevent
      manipulation, price distortion, and disruptions of the delivery
      or cash-settlement process.
      (5) Position limitations or accountability
        To reduce the potential threat of market manipulation or
      congestion, especially during trading in the delivery month, the
      board of trade shall adopt position limitations or position
      accountability for speculators, where necessary and appropriate.
      (6) Emergency authority
        The board of trade shall adopt rules to provide for the
      exercise of emergency authority, in consultation or cooperation
      with the Commission, where necessary and appropriate, including
      the authority to - 
          (A) liquidate or transfer open positions in any contract;
          (B) suspend or curtail trading in any contract; and
          (C) require market participants in any contract to meet
        special margin requirements.
      (7) Availability of general information
        The board of trade shall make available to market authorities,
      market participants, and the public information concerning - 
          (A) the terms and conditions of the contracts of the contract
        market; and
          (B) the mechanisms for executing transactions on or through
        the facilities of the contract market.
      (8) Daily publication of trading information
        The board of trade shall make public daily information on
      settlement prices, volume, open interest, and opening and closing
      ranges for actively traded contracts on the contract market.
      (9) Execution of transactions
        The board of trade shall provide a competitive, open, and
      efficient market and mechanism for executing transactions.
      (10) Trade information
        The board of trade shall maintain rules and procedures to
      provide for the recording and safe storage of all identifying
      trade information in a manner that enables the contract market to
      use the information for purposes of assisting in the prevention
      of customer and market abuses and providing evidence of any
      violations of the rules of the contract market.
      (11) Financial integrity of contracts
        The board of trade shall establish and enforce rules providing
      for the financial integrity of any contracts traded on the
      contract market (including the clearance and settlement of the
      transactions with a derivatives clearing organization), and rules
      to ensure the financial integrity of any futures commission
      merchants and introducing brokers and the protection of customer
      funds.
      (12) Protection of market participants
        The board of trade shall establish and enforce rules to protect
      market participants from abusive practices committed by any party
      acting as an agent for the participants.
      (13) Dispute resolution
        The board of trade shall establish and enforce rules regarding
      and provide facilities for alternative dispute resolution as
      appropriate for market participants and any market
      intermediaries.
      (14) Governance fitness standards
        The board of trade shall establish and enforce appropriate
      fitness standards for directors, members of any disciplinary
      committee, members of the contract market, and any other persons
      with direct access to the facility (including any parties
      affiliated with any of the persons described in this paragraph).
      (15) Conflicts of interest
        The board of trade shall establish and enforce rules to
      minimize conflicts of interest in the decisionmaking process of
      the contract market and establish a process for resolving such
      conflicts of interest.
      (16) Composition of boards of mutually owned contract markets
        In the case of a mutually owned contract market, the board of
      trade shall ensure that the composition of the governing board
      reflects market participants.
      (17) Recordkeeping
        The board of trade shall maintain records of all activities
      related to the business of the contract market in a form and
      manner acceptable to the Commission for a period of 5 years.
      (18) Antitrust considerations
        Unless necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this
      chapter, the board of trade shall endeavor to avoid - 
          (A) adopting any rules or taking any actions that result in
        any unreasonable restraints of trade; or
          (B) imposing any material anticompetitive burden on trading
        on the contract market.
    (e) Current agricultural commodities
      (1) Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, a contract for
    purchase or sale for future delivery of an agricultural commodity
    enumerated in section 1a(4) of this title that is available for
    trade on a contract market, as of December 21, 2000, may be traded
    only on a contract market designated under this section.
      (2) In order to promote responsible economic or financial
    innovation and fair competition, the Commission, on application by
    any person, after notice and public comment and opportunity for
    hearing, may prescribe rules and regulations to provide for the
    offer and sale of contracts for future delivery or options on such
    contracts to be conducted on a derivatives transaction execution
    facility.



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