Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 7 : Section 15b


   
U.S. Code as of: 01/03/05
Section 15b. Cotton futures contracts

    (a) Short title
      This section may be cited as the "United States Cotton Futures
    Act".
    (b) Repeal of tax on cotton futures
      Subchapter D of chapter 39 of title 26 (relating to tax on cotton
    futures) is repealed.
    (c) Definitions
      For purposes of this section - 
      (1) Cotton futures contract
        The term "cotton futures contract" means any contract of sale
      of cotton for future delivery made at, on, or in any exchange,
      board of trade, or similar institution or place of business which
      has been designated a "contract market" by the Commodity Futures
      Trading Commission pursuant to the Commodity Exchange Act [7
      U.S.C. 1 et seq.] and the term "contract of sale" as so used
      shall be held to include sales, agreements of sale, and
      agreements to sell, except that any cotton futures contract that,
      by its terms, is settled in cash is excluded from the coverage of
      this paragraph and section.
      (2) Future delivery
        The term "future delivery" shall not include any cash sale of
      cotton for deferred shipment or delivery.
      (3) Person
        The term "person" includes an individual, trust, estate,
      partnership, association, company, or corporation.
      (4) Secretary
        The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture of the
      United States.
      (5) Standards
        The term "standards" means the official cotton standards of the
      United States established by the Secretary pursuant to the United
      States Cotton Standards Act, as amended [7 U.S.C. 51 et seq.].
    (d) Bona fide spot markets and commercial differences
      (1) Definition
        For purposes of this section, the only markets which shall be
      considered bona fide spot markets shall be those which the
      Secretary shall, from time to time, after investigation,
      determine and designate to be such, and of which he shall give
      public notice.
      (2) Determination
        In determining, pursuant to the provisions of this section,
      what markets are bona fide spot markets, the Secretary is
      directed to consider only markets in which spot cotton is sold in
      such volume and under such conditions as customarily to reflect
      accurately the value of middling cotton and the differences
      between the prices or values of middling cotton and of other
      grades of cotton for which standards shall have been established
      by the Secretary; except that if there are not sufficient places,
      in the markets of which are made bona fide sales of spot cotton
      of grades for which standards are established by the Secretary,
      to enable him to designate at least five spot markets in
      accordance with subsection (f)(3) of this section, he shall, from
      data as to spot sales collected by him, make rules and
      regulations for determining the actual commercial differences in
      the value of spot cotton of the grades established by him as
      reflected by bona fide sales of spot cotton, of the same or
      different grades, in the market selected and designated by him,
      from time to time, for that purpose, and in that event
      differences in value of cotton of various grades involved in
      contracts made pursuant to subsection (f)(1) and (2) of this
      section shall be determined in compliance with such rules and
      regulations. It shall be the duty of any person engaged in the
      business of dealing in cotton, when requested by the Secretary or
      any agent acting under his instructions, to answer correctly to
      the best of his knowledge, under oath or otherwise, all questions
      touching his knowledge of the number of bales, the
      classification, the price or bona fide price offered, and other
      terms of purchase or sale, of any cotton involved in any
      transaction participated in by him, or to produce all books,
      letters, papers, or documents in his possession or under his
      control relating to such matter. A person complying with the
      preceding sentence shall not be liable for any loss or damage
      arising or resulting from such compliance.
      (3) Withholding information
        Any person engaged in the business of dealing in cotton who
      shall, within a reasonable time prescribed by the Secretary or
      any agent acting under his instructions, willfully fail or refuse
      to answer questions or to produce books, letters, papers, or
      documents, as required under paragraph (2) of this subsection, or
      who shall willfully give any answer that is false or misleading,
      shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not more than $500.
    (e) Form and validity of cotton futures contracts
      Each cotton futures contract shall be a basis grade contract, or
    a tendered grade contract, or a specific grade contract as
    specified in subsections (f), (g), or (h) of this section and shall
    be in writing plainly stating, or evidenced by written memorandum
    showing, the terms of such contract, including the quantity of the
    cotton involved and the names and addresses of the seller and buyer
    in such contract, and shall be signed by the party to be charged,
    or by his agent in his behalf. No cotton futures contract which
    does not conform to such requirements shall be enforceable by, or
    on behalf of, any party to such contract or his privies.
    (f) Basis grade contracts
      (1) Conditions
        Each basis grade cotton futures contract shall comply with each
      of the following conditions:
        (A) Conformity with regulations
          Conform to the regulations made pursuant to this section.
        (B) Specification of grade, price, and dates of sale and
          settlement
          Specify the basis grade for the cotton involved in the
        contract, which shall be one of the grades for which standards
        are established by the Secretary, except grades prohibited from
        being delivered on a contract made under this subsection by
        subparagraph (E), the price per pound at which the cotton of
        such basis grade is contracted to be bought or sold, the date
        when the purchase or sale was made, and the month or months in
        which the contract is to be fulfilled or settled; except that
        middling shall be deemed the basis grade incorporated into the
        contract if no other basis grade be specified either in the
        contract or in the memorandum evidencing the same.
        (C) Provision for delivery of standard grades only
          Provide that the cotton dealt with therein or delivered
        thereunder shall be of or within the grades for which standards
        are established by the Secretary except grades prohibited from
        being delivered on a contract made under this subsection by
        subparagraph (E) and no other grade or grades.
        (D) Provision for settlement on basis of actual commercial
          differences
          Provide that in case cotton of grade other than the basis
        grade be tendered or delivered in settlement of such contract,
        the differences above or below the contract price which the
        receiver shall pay for such grades other than the basis grade
        shall be the actual commercial differences, determined as
        here-inafter provided.
        (E) Prohibition of delivery of inferior cotton
          Provide that cotton that, because of the presence of
        extraneous matter of any character, or irregularities or
        defects, is reduced in value below that of low middling, or
        cotton that is below the grade of low middling, or, if tinged,
        cotton that is below the grade of strict middling, or, if
        yellow stained, cotton that is below the grade of good
        middling, the grades mentioned being of the official cotton
        standards of the United States, or cotton that is less than
        seven-eighths of an inch in length of staple, or cotton of
        perished staple, or of immature staple, or cotton that is "gin
        cut" or reginned, or cotton that is "repacked" or "false
        packed" or "mixed packed" or "water packed", shall not be
        delivered on, under, or in settlement of such contract.
        (F) Provisions for tender in full, notice of delivery date, and
          certificate of grade
          Provide that all tenders of cotton under such contract shall
        be the full number of bales involved therein, except that such
        variations of the number of bales may be permitted as is
        necessary to bring the total weight of the cotton tendered
        within the provisions of the contract as to weight; that, on
        the fifth business day prior to delivery, the person making the
        tender shall give to the person receiving the same written
        notice of the date of delivery, and that, on or prior to the
        date so fixed for delivery, and in advance of final settlement
        of the contract, the person making the tender shall furnish to
        the person receiving the same a written notice or certificate
        stating the grade of each individual bale to be delivered and,
        by means of marks or numbers, identifying each bale with its
        grade.
        (G) Provision for tender and settlement in accordance with
          Government classification
          Provide that all tenders of cotton and settlements therefor
        under such contract shall be in accordance with the
        classification thereof made under the regulations of the
        Secretary by such officer or officers of the Government as
        shall be designated for the purpose, and the costs of such
        classification shall be fixed, assessed, collected, and paid as
        provided in such regulations and shall be credited to the
        account referred to in section 55 of this title. The Secretary
        may provide by regulation conditions under which cotton samples
        submitted or used in the performance of services authorized by
        this act shall become the property of the United States and may
        be sold and the proceeds credited to the foregoing account:
        Provided, That such cotton samples shall not be subject to the
        provisions of the Federal Property and Administrative Services
        Act of 1949.(!1) The Secretary is authorized to prescribe
        regulations for carrying out the purposes of this subparagraph
        and the certificates of the officers of the Government as to
        the classification of any cotton for the purposes of this
        subparagraph shall be accepted in the courts of the United
        States in all suits between the parties to such contract, or
        their privies, as prima facie evidence of the true
        classification of the cotton involved.

      (2) Incorporation of conditions in contracts
        The provisions of paragraphs (1)(C), (D), (E), (F), and (G)
      shall be deemed fully incorporated into any such contract if
      there be written or printed thereon, or on the memorandums
      evidencing the same, at or prior to the time the same is signed,
      the phrase "Subject to United States Cotton Futures Act,
      subsection (f)."
      (3) Delivery allowances
        For the purpose of this subsection, the differences above or
      below the contract price which the receiver shall pay for cotton
      of grades above or below the basic (!2) grade in the settlement
      of a contract of sale for the future delivery of cotton shall be
      determined by the actual commercial differences in value thereof
      upon the sixth business day prior to the day fixed, in accordance
      with paragraph (1)(F), for the delivery of cotton on the
      contract, established by the sale of spot cotton in the spot
      markets of not less than five places designated for the purpose
      from time to time by the Secretary, as such values were
      established by the sales of spot cotton, in such designated five
      or more markets. For purposes of this paragraph, such values in
      the such spot markets shall be based upon the standards for
      grades of cotton established by the Secretary. Whenever the value
      of one grade is to be determined from the sale or sales of spot
      cotton of another grade or grades, such value shall be fixed in
      accordance with rules and regulations which shall be prescribed
      for the purpose by the Secretary.

    (g) Tendered grade contracts
      (1) Conditions
        Each tendered grade cotton future contract shall comply with
      each of the following conditions:
        (A) Compliance with subsection (f)
          Comply with all the terms and conditions of subsection (f) of
        this section not inconsistent with this subsection; and
        (B) Provision for contingent specific performance
          Provide that, in case cotton of grade or grades other than
        the basis grade specified in the contract shall be tendered in
        performance of the contract, the parties to such contract may
        agree, at the time of the tender, as to the price of the grade
        or grades so tendered, and that if they shall not then agree as
        to such price, then, and in that event, the buyer of said
        contract shall have the right to demand the specific
        fulfillment of such contract by the actual delivery of cotton
        of the basis grade named therein and at the price specified for
        such basis grade in said contract.
      (2) Incorporation of conditions in contract
        Contracts made in compliance with this subsection shall be
      known as "subsection (g) Contracts". The provisions of this
      subsection shall be deemed fully incorporated into any such
      contract if there be written or printed thereon, or on the
      memorandum evidencing the same, at or prior to the time the same
      is signed, the phrase "Subject to United States Cotton Futures
      Act, subsection (g)".
      (3) Application of subsection
        Nothing in this subsection shall be so construed as to
      authorize any contract in which, or in the settlement of or in
      respect to which, any device or arrangement whatever is resorted
      to, or any agreement is made, for the determination or adjustment
      of the price of the grade or grades tendered other than the basis
      grade specified in the contract by any "fixed difference" system,
      or by arbitration, or by any other method not provided for by
      this section.
    (h) Specific grade contracts
      (1) Conditions
        Each specific grade cotton futures contract shall comply with
      each of the following conditions:
        (A) Conformity with rules and regulations
          Conform to the rules and regulations made pursuant to this
        section.
        (B) Specification of grade, price, dates of sale and delivery
          Specify the grade, type, sample, or description of the cotton
        involved in the contract, the price per pound at which such
        cotton is contracted to be bought or sold, the date of the
        purchase or sale, and the time when shipment or delivery of
        such cotton is to be made.
        (C) Prohibition of delivery of other than specified grade
          Provide that cotton of or within the grade or of the type, or
        according to the sample or description, specified in the
        contract shall be delivered thereunder, and that no cotton
        which does not conform to the type, sample, or description, or
        which is not of or within the grade specified in the contract
        shall be tendered or delivered thereunder.
        (D) Provision for specific performance
          Provide that the delivery of cotton under the contract shall
        not be effected by means of "setoff" or "ring" settlement, but
        only by the actual transfer of the specified cotton mentioned
        in the contract.
      (2) Incorporation of conditions in contract
        The provisions of paragraphs (1)(A), (C), and (D) shall be
      deemed fully incorporated into any such contract if there be
      written or printed thereon, or on the document or memorandum
      evidencing the same, at or prior to the time the same is entered
      into, the words "Subject to United States Cotton Futures Act,
      subsection (h)".
      (3) Application of subsection
        This subsection shall not be construed to apply to any contract
      of sale made in compliance with subsection (f) or (g) of this
      section.
    (i) Liability of principal for acts of agent
      When construing and enforcing the provisions of this section, the
    act, omission, or failure of any official, agent, or other person
    acting for or employed by any association, partnership, or
    corporation within the scope of his employment or office shall, in
    every case, also be deemed the act, omission, or failure of such
    association, partnership, or corporation, as well as that of the
    person.
    (j) Regulations
      The Secretary is authorized to make such regulations with the
    force and effect of law as he determines may be necessary to carry
    out the provisions of this section and the powers vested in him by
    this section.
    (k) Violations
      Any person who knowingly violates any regulation made in
    pursuance of this section, shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined
    not less than $100 nor more than $500, for each violation thereof,
    in the discretion of the court, and, in case of natural persons,
    may, in addition be punished by imprisonment for not less than 30
    days nor more than 90 days, for each violation, in the discretion
    of the court except that this subsection shall not apply to
    violations subject to subsection (d)(3) of this section.
    (l) Applicability to contracts prior to effective date
      The provisions of this section shall not apply to any cotton
    futures contract entered into prior to the effective date of this
    section or to any act or failure to act by any person prior to such
    effective date and all such prior contracts, acts or failure to act
    shall continue to be governed by the applicable provisions of the
    Internal Revenue Code of 1954 (!1) as in effect prior to the
    enactment of this section. All designations of bona fide spot
    markets and all rules and regulations issued by the Secretary
    pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code
    of 1954 (!1) which were in effect on the effective date of this
    section, shall remain fully effective as designations and
    regulations under this section until superseded, amended, or
    terminated by the Secretary.
    (m) Authorization
      There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be
    necessary to carry out this section.



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