Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 7 : Section 13a-1


   
U.S. Code as of: 01/03/05
Section 13a-1. Enjoining or restraining violations

    (a) Action to enjoin or restrain violations
      Whenever it shall appear to the Commission that any registered
    entity or other person has engaged, is engaging, or is about to
    engage in any act or practice constituting a violation of any
    provision of this chapter or any rule, regulation, or order
    thereunder, or is restraining trading in any commodity for future
    delivery, the Commission may bring an action in the proper district
    court of the United States or the proper United States court of any
    territory or other place subject to the jurisdiction of the United
    States, to enjoin such act or practice, or to enforce compliance
    with this chapter, or any rule, regulation or order thereunder, and
    said courts shall have jurisdiction to entertain such actions:
    Provided, That no restraining order (other than a restraining order
    which prohibits any person from destroying, altering or disposing
    of, or refusing to permit authorized representatives of the
    Commission to inspect, when and as requested, any books and records
    or other documents or which prohibits any person from withdrawing,
    transferring, removing, dissipating, or disposing of any funds,
    assets, or other property, and other than an order appointing a
    temporary receiver to administer such restraining order and to
    perform such other duties as the court may consider appropriate) or
    injunction for violation of the provisions of this chapter shall be
    issued ex parte by said court.
    (b) Injunction or restraining order
      Upon a proper showing a permanent or temporary injunction or
    restraining order shall be granted without bond.
    (c) Writs or other orders
      Upon application of the Commission, the district courts of the
    United States and the United States courts of any territory or
    other place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States shall
    also have jurisdiction to issue writs of mandamus, or orders
    affording like relief, commanding any person to comply with the
    provisions of this chapter or any rule, regulation, or order of the
    Commission thereunder, including the requirement that such person
    take such action as is necessary to remove the danger of violation
    of this chapter or any such rule, regulation, or order: Provided,
    That no such writ of mandamus, or order affording like relief,
    shall be issued ex parte.
    (d) Civil penalties
      (1) In any action brought under this section, the Commission may
    seek and the court shall have jurisdiction to impose, on a proper
    showing, on any person found in the action to have committed any
    violation a civil penalty in the amount of not more than the higher
    of $100,000 or triple the monetary gain to the person for each
    violation.
      (2) If a person on whom such a penalty is imposed fails to pay
    the penalty within the time prescribed in the court's order, the
    Commission may refer the matter to the Attorney General who shall
    recover the penalty by action in the appropriate United States
    district court.
    (e) Venue and process
      Any action under this section may be brought in the district
    wherein the defendant is found or is an inhabitant or transacts
    business or in the district where the act or practice occurred, is
    occurring, or is about to occur, and process in such cases may be
    served in any district in which the defendant is an inhabitant or
    wherever the defendant may be found.
    (f) Action by Attorney General
      In lieu of bringing actions itself pursuant to this section, the
    Commission may request the Attorney General to bring the action.
    (g) Notice to Attorney General of action brought by Commission
      Where the Commission elects to bring the action, it shall inform
    the Attorney General of such suit and advise him of subsequent
    developments.
    (h) Notice of investigations and enforcement actions
      The Commission shall provide the Securities and Exchange
    Commission with notice of the commencement of any proceeding and a
    copy of any order entered by the Commission against any futures
    commission merchant or introducing broker registered pursuant to
    section 6f(a)(2) of this title, any floor broker or floor trader
    exempt from registration pursuant to section 6f(a)(3) of this
    title, any associated person exempt from registration pursuant to
    section 6k(6) (!1) of this title, or any board of trade designated
    as a contract market pursuant to section 7b-1 of this title.




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