Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 43 : Section 1631


   
U.S. Code as of: 01/19/04
Section 1631. Ownership of submerged lands

    (a) Meandering in the surveying of submerged land
      (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), whenever the Secretary
    surveys land selected by a Native, a Native Corporation, or the
    State pursuant to the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43
    U.S.C. 1601 et seq.], the Alaska Statehood Act, or this Act, lakes,
    rivers, and streams shall be meandered in accordance with the
    principles in the Bureau of Land Management, "Manual of Surveying
    Instructions" (1973).
      (2) If title to lands beneath navigable waters of a lake less
    than fifty acres in size or a river or stream less than three
    chains in width did not vest in the State pursuant to the Submerged
    Lands Act [43 U.S.C. 1301 et seq., 1311 et seq.], such lake, river,
    or stream shall not be meandered.
      (3) The Secretary is not required to determine the navigability
    of a lake, river, or stream which because of its size or width is
    required to be meandered or to compute the acreage of the land
    beneath such lake, river, or stream or to describe such land in any
    conveyance document.
      (4) Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to require
    ground survey or monumentation of meanderlines.
    (b) Ownership of riparian lands; ratification of memorandum of
      agreement
      (1) Whenever, either before or after August 16, 1988, the
    Secretary conveys land to a Native, a Native Corporation, or the
    State pursuant to the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43
    U.S.C. 1601 et seq.], the Alaska Statehood Act, or this Act which
    abuts or surrounds a meanderable lake, river, or stream, all right,
    title, and interest of the United States, if any, in the land under
    such lake, river, or stream lying between the uplands and the
    median line or midpoint, as the case may be, shall vest in and
    shall not be charged against the acreage entitlement of such Native
    or Native Corporation or the State. The right, title, and interest
    vested in a Native or Native Corporation shall be no greater an
    estate than the estate he or it is conveyed in the land which abuts
    or surrounds the lake, river, or stream.
      (2) The specific terms, conditions, procedures, covenants,
    reservations, and other restrictions set forth in the document
    entitled, "Memorandum of Agreement between the United States
    Department of the Interior and the State of Alaska" dated March 28,
    1984, signed by the Secretary and the Governor of Alaska and
    submitted to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs of the
    House of Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural
    Resources of the Senate, are hereby incorporated in this section
    and are ratified as to the duties and obligations of the United
    States and the State, as a matter of Federal law.
    (c) Interim conveyances and patents; navigability of streams; award
      of costs and attorney's fees
      (1) The execution of an interim conveyance or patent, as
    appropriate, by the Bureau of Land Management which conveys an area
    of land selected by a Native or Native Corporation which includes,
    surrounds, or abuts a lake, river, or stream, or any portion
    thereof, shall be the final agency action with respect to a
    decision of the Secretary of the Interior that such lake, river, or
    stream, is or is not navigable, unless such decision was validly
    appealed to an agency or board of the Department of the Interior on
    or before December 2, 1980.
      (2) No agency or board of the Department of the Interior other
    than the Bureau of Land Management shall have authority to
    determine the navigability of a lake, river, or stream within an
    area selected by a Native or Native Corporation pursuant to the
    Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.] or
    this Act unless a determination by the Bureau of Land Management
    that such lake, river, or stream, is or is not navigable, was
    validly appealed to such agency or board on or before December 2,
    1980.
      (3) If title to land conveyed to a Native Corporation pursuant to
    the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act [43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.] or
    this Act which underlies a lake, river, or stream is challenged in
    a court of competent jurisdiction and such court determines that
    such land is owned by the Native Corporation, the Native
    Corporation shall be awarded a money judgment against the
    plaintiffs in an amount equal to its costs and attorney's fees,
    including costs and attorney's fees incurred on appeal.
    (d) Definitions
      For the purposes of this section, the terms "navigable" and
    "navigability" means navigable for the purpose of determining title
    to lands beneath navigable waters, as between the United States and
    the several States pursuant to the Submerged Lands Act [43 U.S.C.
    1301 et seq., 1311 et seq.] and section 6(m) of the Alaska
    Statehood Act.



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