Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 42 : Section 1320c-2


   
U.S. Code as of: 01/19/04
Section 1320c-2. Contracts with utilization and quality control peer review organizations

    (a) Establishment and consolidation of geographic areas
      (1) The Secretary shall establish throughout the United States
    geographic areas with respect to which contracts under this part
    will be made. In establishing such areas, the Secretary shall use
    the same areas as established under section 1320c-1 of this title
    as in effect immediately prior to September 3, 1982, but subject to
    the provisions of paragraph (2).
      (2) As soon as practicable after September 3, 1982, the Secretary
    shall consolidate such geographic areas, taking into account the
    following criteria:
        (A) Each State shall generally be designated as a geographic
      area for purposes of paragraph (1).
        (B) The Secretary shall establish local or regional areas
      rather than State areas only where the volume of review activity
      or other relevant factors (as determined by the Secretary)
      warrant such an establishment, and the Secretary determines that
      review activity can be carried out with equal or greater
      efficiency by establishing such local or regional areas. In
      applying this subparagraph the Secretary shall take into account
      the number of hospital admissions within each State for which
      payment may be made under subchapter XVIII of this chapter or a
      State plan approved under subchapter XIX of this chapter, with
      any State having fewer than 180,000 such admissions annually
      being established as a single statewide area, and no local or
      regional area being established which has fewer than 60,000 total
      hospital admissions (including public and private pay patients)
      under review annually, unless the Secretary determines that other
      relevant factors warrant otherwise.
        (C) No local or regional area shall be designated which is not
      a self-contained medical service area, having a full spectrum of
      services, including medical specialists' services.
    (b) Organizations entitled to contract with Secretary
      (1) The Secretary shall enter into a contract with a utilization
    and quality control peer review organization for each area
    established under subsection (a) of this section if a qualified
    organization is available in such area and such organization and
    the Secretary have negotiated a proposed contract which the
    Secretary determines will be carried out by such organization in a
    manner consistent with the efficient and effective administration
    of this part. If more than one such qualified organization meets
    the requirements of the preceding sentence, priority shall be given
    to any such organization which is described in section
    1320c-1(1)(A) of this title.
      (2)(A) Prior to November 15, 1984, the Secretary shall not enter
    into a contract under this part with any entity which is, or is
    affiliated with (through management, ownership, or common control),
    an entity (other than a self-insured employer) which directly or
    indirectly makes payments to any practitioner or provider whose
    health care services are reviewed by such entity or would be
    reviewed by such entity if it entered into a contract with the
    Secretary under this part. For purposes of this paragraph, an
    entity shall not be considered to be affiliated with another entity
    which makes payments (directly or indirectly) to any practitioner
    or provider, by reason of management, ownership, or common control,
    if the management, ownership, or common control consists only of
    members of the governing board being affiliated (through
    management, ownership, or common control) with a health maintenance
    organization or competitive medical plan which is an "eligible
    organization" as defined in section 1395mm(b) of this title.
      (B) If, after November 14, 1984, the Secretary determines that
    there is no other entity available for an area with which the
    Secretary can enter into a contract under this part, the Secretary
    may then enter into a contract under this part with an entity
    described in subparagraph (A) for such area if such entity
    otherwise meets the requirements of this part.
      (3)(A) The Secretary shall not enter into a contract under this
    part with any entity which is, or is affiliated with (through
    management, ownership, or common control), a health care facility,
    or association of such facilities, within the area served by such
    entity or which would be served by such entity if it entered into a
    contract with the Secretary under this part.
      (B) For purposes of subparagraph (A), an entity shall not be
    considered to be affiliated with a health care facility or
    association of facilities by reason of management, ownership, or
    common control if the management, ownership, or common control
    consists only of not more than 20 percent of the members of the
    governing board of the entity being affiliated (through management,
    ownership, or common control) with one or more of such facilities
    or associations.
    (c) Terms of contract
      Each contract with an organization under this section shall
    provide that - 
        (1) the organization shall perform the functions set forth in
      section 1320c-3(a) of this section, or may subcontract for the
      performance of all or some of such functions (and for purposes of
      paragraphs (2) and (3) of subsection (b) of this section, a
      subcontract under this paragraph shall not constitute an
      affiliation with the subcontractor);
        (2) the Secretary shall have the right to evaluate the quality
      and effectiveness of the organization in carrying out the
      functions specified in the contract;
        (3) the contract shall be for an initial term of three years
      and shall be renewable on a triennial basis thereafter;
        (4) if the Secretary intends not to renew a contract, he shall
      notify the organization of his decision at least 90 days prior to
      the expiration of the contract term, and shall provide the
      organization an opportunity to present data, interpretations of
      data, and other information pertinent to its performance under
      the contract, which shall be reviewed in a timely manner by the
      Secretary;
        (5) the organization may terminate the contract upon 90 days
      notice to the Secretary;
        (6) the Secretary may terminate the contract prior to the
      expiration of the contract term upon 90 days notice to the
      organization if the Secretary determines that - 
          (A) the organization does not substantially meet the
        requirements of section 1320c-1 of this title; or
          (B) the organization has failed substantially to carry out
        the contract or is carrying out the contract in a manner
        inconsistent with the efficient and effective administration of
        this part, but only after such organization has had an
        opportunity to submit data and have such data reviewed by the
        panel established under subsection (d) of this section;

        (7) the Secretary shall include in the contract negotiated
      objectives against which the organization's performance will be
      judged, and negotiated specifications for use of regional norms,
      or modifications thereof based on national norms, for performing
      review functions under the contract; and
        (8) reimbursement shall be made to the organization on a
      monthly basis, with payments for any month being made not later
      than 15 days after the close of such month.

    In evaluating the performance of utilization and quality control
    peer review organizations under contracts under this part, the
    Secretary shall place emphasis on the performance of such
    organizations in educating providers and practitioners
    (particularly those in rural areas) concerning the review process
    and criteria being applied by the organization.
    (d) Review prior to termination of contract; modification and
      termination; reviewing panel
      (1) Prior to making any termination under subsection (c)(6)(B) of
    this section, the Secretary must provide the organization with an
    opportunity to provide data, interpretations of data, and other
    information pertinent to its performance under the contract. Such
    data and other information shall be reviewed in a timely manner by
    a panel appointed by the Secretary, and the panel shall submit a
    report of its findings to the Secretary in a timely manner. The
    Secretary shall make a copy of the report available to the
    organization.
      (2) The Secretary may accept or not accept the findings of the
    panel. After the panel has submitted a report with respect to an
    organization, the Secretary may, with the concurrence of the
    organization, amend the contract to modify the scope of the
    functions to be carried out by the organization, or in any other
    manner. The Secretary may terminate a contract under the authority
    of subsection (c)(6)(B) of this section upon 90 days notice after
    the panel has submitted a report, or earlier if the organization so
    agrees.
      (3) A panel appointed by the Secretary under this subsection
    shall consist of not more than five individuals, each of whom shall
    be a member of a utilization and quality control peer review
    organization having a contract with the Secretary under this part.
    While serving on such panel individuals shall be paid at a per diem
    rate not to exceed the current per diem equivalent at the time that
    service on the panel is rendered for grade GS-18 under section 5332
    of title 5. Appointments shall be made without regard to title 5.
      (4) During the period after the Secretary has given notice of
    intent to terminate a contract, and prior to the time that the
    Secretary enters into a contract with another utilization and
    quality control peer review organization, the Secretary may
    transfer review responsibilities of the organization under the
    contract being terminated to another utilization and quality
    control peer review organization, or to an intermediary or carrier
    having an agreement under section 1395h of this title or a contract
    under section 1395u of this title.
    (e) Authority of Secretary
      (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), contracting authority of
    the Secretary under this section may be carried out without regard
    to any provision of law relating to the making, performance,
    amendment, or modification of contracts of the United States as the
    Secretary may determine to be inconsistent with the purposes of
    this part. The Secretary may use different contracting methods with
    respect to different geographical areas.
      (2) If a peer review organization with a contract under this
    section is required to carry out a review function in addition to
    any function required to be carried out at the time the Secretary
    entered into or renewed the contract with the organization, the
    Secretary shall, before requiring such organization to carry out
    such additional function, negotiate the necessary contractual
    modifications, including modifications that provide for an
    appropriate adjustment (in light of the cost of such additional
    function) to the amount of reimbursement made to the organization.
    (f) Termination not subject to judicial review
      Any determination by the Secretary to terminate or not to renew a
    contract under this section shall not be subject to judicial
    review.
    (g) Timely provision of hospital data to peer review organizations
      The Secretary shall provide that fiscal intermediaries furnish to
    peer review organizations, each month on a timely basis, data
    necessary to initiate the review process under section 1320c-3(a)
    of this title on a timely basis. If the Secretary determines that a
    fiscal intermediary is unable to furnish such data on a timely
    basis, the Secretary shall require the hospital to do so.
    (h) Publication of new policy or procedure and general criteria and
      standards for evaluation; performance comparison report
      (1) The Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register any new
    policy or procedure adopted by the Secretary that affects
    substantially the performance of contract obligations under this
    section not less than 30 days before the date on which such policy
    or procedure is to take effect. This paragraph shall not apply to
    the extent it is inconsistent with a statutory deadline.
      (2) The Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register the
    general criteria and standards used for evaluating the efficient
    and effective performance of contract obligations under this
    section and shall provide opportunity for public comment with
    respect to such criteria and standards.
      (3) The Secretary shall regularly furnish each peer review
    organization with a contract under this section with a report that
    documents the performance of the organization in relation to the
    performance of other such organizations.
    (i) Preference in contracting with in-State organizations
      (1) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the
    Secretary shall not renew a contract with any organization that is
    not an in-State organization (as defined in paragraph (3)) unless
    the Secretary has first complied with the requirements of paragraph
    (2).
      (2)(A) Not later than six months before the date on which a
    contract period ends with respect to an organization that is not an
    in-State organization, the Secretary shall publish in the Federal
    Register - 
        (i) the date on which such period ends; and
        (ii) the period of time in which an in-State organization may
      submit a proposal for the contract ending on such date.

      (B) If one or more qualified in-State organizations submits a
    proposal within the period of time specified under subparagraph
    (A)(ii), the Secretary shall not automatically renew the current
    contract on a noncompetitive basis, but shall provide for
    competition for the contract in the same manner as a new contract
    under subsection (b) of this section.
      (3) For purposes of this subsection, an in-State organization is
    an organization that has its primary place of business in the State
    in which review will be conducted (or, which is owned by a parent
    corporation the headquarters of which is located in such State).



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