Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 29 : Section 216


   
U.S. Code as of: 01/19/04
Section 216. Penalties

    (a) Fines and imprisonment
      Any person who willfully violates any of the provisions of
    section 215 of this title shall upon conviction thereof be subject
    to a fine of not more than $10,000, or to imprisonment for not more
    than six months, or both. No person shall be imprisoned under this
    subsection except for an offense committed after the conviction of
    such person for a prior offense under this subsection.
    (b) Damages; right of action; attorney's fees and costs;
      termination of right of action
      Any employer who violates the provisions of section 206 or
    section 207 of this title shall be liable to the employee or
    employees affected in the amount of their unpaid minimum wages, or
    their unpaid overtime compensation, as the case may be, and in an
    additional equal amount as liquidated damages. Any employer who
    violates the provisions of section 215(a)(3) of this title shall be
    liable for such legal or equitable relief as may be appropriate to
    effectuate the purposes of section 215(a)(3) of this title,
    including without limitation employment, reinstatement, promotion,
    and the payment of wages lost and an additional equal amount as
    liquidated damages. An action to recover the liability prescribed
    in either of the preceding sentences may be maintained against any
    employer (including a public agency) in any Federal or State court
    of competent jurisdiction by any one or more employees for and in
    behalf of himself or themselves and other employees similarly
    situated. No employee shall be a party plaintiff to any such action
    unless he gives his consent in writing to become such a party and
    such consent is filed in the court in which such action is brought.
    The court in such action shall, in addition to any judgment awarded
    to the plaintiff or plaintiffs, allow a reasonable attorney's fee
    to be paid by the defendant, and costs of the action. The right
    provided by this subsection to bring an action by or on behalf of
    any employee, and the right of any employee to become a party
    plaintiff to any such action, shall terminate upon the filing of a
    complaint by the Secretary of Labor in an action under section 217
    of this title in which (1) restraint is sought of any further delay
    in the payment of unpaid minimum wages, or the amount of unpaid
    overtime compensation, as the case may be, owing to such employee
    under section 206 or section 207 of this title by an employer
    liable therefor under the provisions of this subsection or (2)
    legal or equitable relief is sought as a result of alleged
    violations of section 215(a)(3) of this title.
    (c) Payment of wages and compensation; waiver of claims; actions by
      the Secretary; limitation of actions
      The Secretary is authorized to supervise the payment of the
    unpaid minimum wages or the unpaid overtime compensation owing to
    any employee or employees under section 206 or section 207 of this
    title, and the agreement of any employee to accept such payment
    shall upon payment in full constitute a waiver by such employee of
    any right he may have under subsection (b) of this section to such
    unpaid minimum wages or unpaid overtime compensation and an
    additional equal amount as liquidated damages. The Secretary may
    bring an action in any court of competent jurisdiction to recover
    the amount of unpaid minimum wages or overtime compensation and an
    equal amount as liquidated damages. The right provided by
    subsection (b) of this section to bring an action by or on behalf
    of any employee to recover the liability specified in the first
    sentence of such subsection and of any employee to become a party
    plaintiff to any such action shall terminate upon the filing of a
    complaint by the Secretary in an action under this subsection in
    which a recovery is sought of unpaid minimum wages or unpaid
    overtime compensation under sections 206 and 207 of this title or
    liquidated or other damages provided by this subsection owing to
    such employee by an employer liable under the provisions of
    subsection (b) of this section, unless such action is dismissed
    without prejudice on motion of the Secretary. Any sums thus
    recovered by the Secretary of Labor on behalf of an employee
    pursuant to this subsection shall be held in a special deposit
    account and shall be paid, on order of the Secretary of Labor,
    directly to the employee or employees affected. Any such sums not
    paid to an employee because of inability to do so within a period
    of three years shall be covered into the Treasury of the United
    States as miscellaneous receipts. In determining when an action is
    commenced by the Secretary of Labor under this subsection for the
    purposes of the statutes of limitations provided in section 255(a)
    of this title, it shall be considered to be commenced in the case
    of any individual claimant on the date when the complaint is filed
    if he is specifically named as a party plaintiff in the complaint,
    or if his name did not so appear, on the subsequent date on which
    his name is added as a party plaintiff in such action.
    (d) Savings provisions
      In any action or proceeding commenced prior to, on, or after
    August 8, 1956, no employer shall be subject to any liability or
    punishment under this chapter or the Portal-to-Portal Act of 1947
    [29 U.S.C. 251 et seq.] on account of his failure to comply with
    any provision or provisions of this chapter or such Act (1) with
    respect to work heretofore or hereafter performed in a workplace to
    which the exemption in section 213(f) of this title is applicable,
    (2) with respect to work performed in Guam, the Canal Zone or Wake
    Island before the effective date of this amendment of subsection
    (d), or (3) with respect to work performed in a possession named in
    section 206(a)(3) of this title at any time prior to the
    establishment by the Secretary, as provided therein, of a minimum
    wage rate applicable to such work.
    (e) Civil penalties for child labor violations
      Any person who violates the provisions of section 212 of this
    title or section 213(c)(5) of this title, relating to child labor,
    or any regulation issued under section 212 of this title or section
    213(c)(5) of this title, shall be subject to a civil penalty of not
    to exceed $10,000 for each employee who was the subject of such a
    violation. Any person who repeatedly or willfully violates section
    206 or 207 of this title shall be subject to a civil penalty of not
    to exceed $1,000 for each such violation. In determining the amount
    of any penalty under this subsection, the appropriateness of such
    penalty to the size of the business of the person charged and the
    gravity of the violation shall be considered. The amount of any
    penalty under this subsection, when finally determined, may be - 
        (1) deducted from any sums owing by the United States to the
      person charged;
        (2) recovered in a civil action brought by the Secretary in any
      court of competent jurisdiction, in which litigation the
      Secretary shall be represented by the Solicitor of Labor; or
        (3) ordered by the court, in an action brought for a violation
      of section 215(a)(4) of this title or a repeated or willful
      violation of section 215(a)(2) of this title, to be paid to the
      Secretary.

    Any administrative determination by the Secretary of the amount of
    any penalty under this subsection shall be final, unless within
    fifteen days after receipt of notice thereof by certified mail the
    person charged with the violation takes exception to the
    determination that the violations for which the penalty is imposed
    occurred, in which event final determination of the penalty shall
    be made in an administrative proceeding after opportunity for
    hearing in accordance with section 554 of title 5, and regulations
    to be promulgated by the Secretary. Except for civil penalties
    collected for violations of section 212 of this title, sums
    collected as penalties pursuant to this section shall be applied
    toward reimbursement of the costs of determining the violations and
    assessing and collecting such penalties, in accordance with the
    provisions of section 9a of this title. Civil penalties collected
    for violations of section 212 of this title shall be deposited in
    the general fund of the Treasury.



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