Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 19 : Section 2609


   
U.S. Code as of: 01/19/04
Section 2609. Seizure and forfeiture

    (a) In general
      Any designated archaeological or ethnological material or article
    of cultural property, as the case may be, which is imported into
    the United States in violation of section 2606 of this title or
    section 2607 of this title shall be subject to seizure and
    forfeiture. All provisions of law relating to seizure, forfeiture,
    and condemnation for violation of the customs laws shall apply to
    seizures and forfeitures incurred, or alleged to have been
    incurred, under this chapter, insofar as such provisions of law are
    applicable to, and not inconsistent with, the provisions of this
    chapter.
    (b) Archaeological and ethnological material
      Any designated archaeological or ethnological material which is
    imported into the United States in violation of section 2606 of
    this title and which is forfeited to the United States under this
    chapter shall - 
        (1) first be offered for return to the State Party;
        (2) if not returned to the State Party, be returned to a
      claimant with respect to whom the material was forfeited if that
      claimant establishes - 
          (A) valid title to the material,
          (B) that the claimant is a bona fide purchaser for value of
        the material; or

        (3) if not returned to the State Party under paragraph (1) or
      to a claimant under paragraph (2), be disposed of in the manner
      prescribed by law for articles forfeited for violation of the
      customs laws.

    No return of material may be made under paragraph (1) or (2) unless
    the State Party or claimant, as the case may be, bears the expenses
    incurred incident to the return and delivery, and complies with
    such other requirements relating to the return as the Secretary
    shall prescribe.
    (c) Articles of cultural property
      (1) In any action for forfeiture under this section regarding an
    article of cultural property imported into the United States in
    violation of section 2607 of this title, if the claimant
    establishes valid title to the article, under applicable law, as
    against the institution from which the article was stolen,
    forfeiture shall not be decreed unless the State Party to which the
    article is to be returned pays the claimant just compensation for
    the article. In any action for forfeiture under this section where
    the claimant does not establish such title but establishes that it
    purchased the article for value without knowledge or reason to
    believe it was stolen, forfeiture shall not be decreed unless - 
        (A) the State Party to which the article is to be returned pays
      the claimant an amount equal to the amount which the claimant
      paid for the article, or
        (B) the United States establishes that such State Party, as a
      matter of law or reciprocity, would in similar circumstances
      recover and return an article stolen from an institution in the
      United States without requiring the payment of compensation.

      (2) Any article of cultural property which is imported into the
    United States in violation of section 2607 of this title and which
    is forfeited to the United States under this chapter shall - 
        (A) first be offered for return to the State Party in whose
      territory is situated the institution referred to in section 2607
      of this title and shall be returned if that State Party bears the
      expenses incident to such return and delivery and complies with
      such other requirements relating to the return as the Secretary
      prescribes; or
        (B) if not returned to such State Party, be disposed of in the
      manner prescribed by law for articles forfeited for violation of
      the customs laws.



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