Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 18 : Section 545
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U.S. Code as of:
01/19/04
Section 545 - Notes
SOURCE
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 716; Aug. 24, 1954, ch. 890, Sec.
1, 68 Stat. 782; Sept. 1, 1954, ch. 1213, title V, Sec. 507, 68
Stat. 1141; June 30, 1955, ch. 258, Sec. 2(c), 69 Stat. 242; Pub.
L. 103-322, title XXXII, Sec. 320903(c), title XXXIII, Secs.
330004(18), 330016(1)(L), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2125, 2142,
2147; Pub. L. 104-294, title VI, Sec. 604(b)(23), Oct. 11, 1996,
110 Stat. 3508.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Based on section 1593 of title 19, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Customs
Duties (June 17, 1930, ch. 497, title IV, Sec. 593, 46 Stat. 751).
Reference in first paragraph to aiders, contained in words "his,
her, or their aiders and abettors" was omitted as unnecessary since
such persons are made principals by section 2 of this title. For
the same reason words "or assists in so doing" in second paragraph
were deleted.
Words "shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor," in first
paragraph were omitted in view of definition of misdemeanor in
section 1 of this title.
Conviction provision in first paragraph reading "and on
conviction thereof" was deleted as surplusage since punishment
cannot be imposed until a conviction is secured.
Minimum punishment provision "nor less than $50" in second
paragraph was deleted.
Forfeiture provision was rephrased to make it clear that
forfeiture was not dependent upon conviction.
The final paragraph was added to conform with section 1709 of
title 19, U.S.C., 1940 ed.
Changes were made in phraseology.
SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
This section is referred to in sections 981, 982, 1956 of this
title; title 21 section 967; title 31 section 9703.
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