Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 18 : Section 31
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U.S. Code as of:
01/19/04
Section 31 - Notes
SOURCE
(Added July 14, 1956, ch. 595, Sec. 1, 70 Stat. 538; amended Pub.
L. 98-473, title II, Secs. 1010, 2013(a), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat.
2141, 2187; Pub. L. 100-690, title VII, Sec. 7015, Nov. 18, 1988,
102 Stat. 4395; Pub. L. 103-272, Sec. 5(e)(1), July 5, 1994, 108
Stat. 1373; Pub. L. 106-181, title V, Sec. 506(b), Apr. 5, 2000,
114 Stat. 136.)
AMENDMENTS
2000 - Pub. L. 106-181 added subsecs. (a) and (b) and struck out
former text which read as follows: "When used in this chapter the
term -
" 'Aircraft engine', 'air navigation facility', 'appliance',
'civil aircraft', 'foreign air commerce', 'interstate air
commerce', 'landing area', 'overseas air commerce', 'propeller',
'spare part' and 'special aircraft jurisdiction of the United
States' shall have the meaning ascribed to those terms in sections
40102(a) and 46501 of title 49.
" 'Motor vehicle' means every description of carriage or other
contrivance propelled or drawn by mechanical power and used for
commercial purposes on the highways in the transportation of
passengers, passengers and property, or property or cargo;
" 'Destructive substance' means any explosive substance,
flammable material, infernal machine, or other chemical,
mechanical, or radioactive device or matter of a combustible,
contaminative, corrosive, or explosive nature;
" 'Used for commercial purposes' means the carriage of persons or
property for any fare, fee, rate, charge or other consideration, or
directly or indirectly in connection with any business, or other
undertaking intended for profit;
" 'In flight' means any time from the moment all the external
doors of an aircraft are closed following embarkation until the
moment when any such door is opened for disembarkation. In the case
of a forced landing the flight shall be deemed to continue until
competent authorities take over the responsibility for the aircraft
and the persons and property on board; and
" 'In service' means any time from the beginning of preflight
preparation of the aircraft by ground personnel or by the crew for
a specific flight until twenty-four hours after any landing; the
period of service shall, in any event, extend for the entire period
during which the aircraft is in flight."
1994 - Pub. L. 103-272 substituted "sections 40102(a) and 46501
of title 49" for "the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended" in
par. beginning with definition of "Aircraft engine".
1988 - Pub. L. 100-690 substituted "door is opened" for "door in
opened" in definition of "in flight".
1984 - Pub. L. 98-473, Sec. 2013(a)(1), in first par. struck out
"and" before "spare part", inserted "and 'special aircraft
jurisdiction of the United States' ", and substituted "Federal
Aviation Act of 1958" for "Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938".
Pub. L. 98-473, Sec. 1010, substituted "passengers and property,
or property or cargo" for "or passengers and property" in
definition of motor vehicle.
Pub. L. 98-473, Sec. 2013(a)(2)-(4), inserted definitions of "in
flight" and "in service".
SECTION REFERRED TO IN OTHER SECTIONS
This section is referred to in section 1993 of this title.
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