Laws: Cases and Codes : U.S. Code : Title 17 : Section 1001


   
U.S. Code as of: 01/19/04
Section 1001. Definitions

      As used in this chapter, the following terms have the following
    meanings:
        (1) A "digital audio copied recording" is a reproduction in a
      digital recording format of a digital musical recording, whether
      that reproduction is made directly from another digital musical
      recording or indirectly from a transmission.
        (2) A "digital audio interface device" is any machine or device
      that is designed specifically to communicate digital audio
      information and related interface data to a digital audio
      recording device through a nonprofessional interface.
        (3) A "digital audio recording device" is any machine or device
      of a type commonly distributed to individuals for use by
      individuals, whether or not included with or as part of some
      other machine or device, the digital recording function of which
      is designed or marketed for the primary purpose of, and that is
      capable of, making a digital audio copied recording for private
      use, except for - 
          (A) professional model products, and
          (B) dictation machines, answering machines, and other audio
        recording equipment that is designed and marketed primarily for
        the creation of sound recordings resulting from the fixation of
        nonmusical sounds.

        (4)(A) A "digital audio recording medium" is any material
      object in a form commonly distributed for use by individuals,
      that is primarily marketed or most commonly used by consumers for
      the purpose of making digital audio copied recordings by use of a
      digital audio recording device.
        (B) Such term does not include any material object - 
          (i) that embodies a sound recording at the time it is first
        distributed by the importer or manufacturer; or
          (ii) that is primarily marketed and most commonly used by
        consumers either for the purpose of making copies of motion
        pictures or other audiovisual works or for the purpose of
        making copies of nonmusical literary works, including computer
        programs or data bases.

        (5)(A) A "digital musical recording" is a material object - 
          (i) in which are fixed, in a digital recording format, only
        sounds, and material, statements, or instructions incidental to
        those fixed sounds, if any, and
          (ii) from which the sounds and material can be perceived,
        reproduced, or otherwise communicated, either directly or with
        the aid of a machine or device.

        (B) A "digital musical recording" does not include a material
      object - 
          (i) in which the fixed sounds consist entirely of spoken word
        recordings, or
          (ii) in which one or more computer programs are fixed, except
        that a digital musical recording may contain statements or
        instructions constituting the fixed sounds and incidental
        material, and statements or instructions to be used directly or
        indirectly in order to bring about the perception,
        reproduction, or communication of the fixed sounds and
        incidental material.

        (C) For purposes of this paragraph - 
          (i) a "spoken word recording" is a sound recording in which
        are fixed only a series of spoken words, except that the spoken
        words may be accompanied by incidental musical or other sounds,
        and
          (ii) the term "incidental" means related to and relatively
        minor by comparison.

        (6) "Distribute" means to sell, lease, or assign a product to
      consumers in the United States, or to sell, lease, or assign a
      product in the United States for ultimate transfer to consumers
      in the United States.
        (7) An "interested copyright party" is - 
          (A) the owner of the exclusive right under section 106(1) of
        this title to reproduce a sound recording of a musical work
        that has been embodied in a digital musical recording or analog
        musical recording lawfully made under this title that has been
        distributed;
          (B) the legal or beneficial owner of, or the person that
        controls, the right to reproduce in a digital musical recording
        or analog musical recording a musical work that has been
        embodied in a digital musical recording or analog musical
        recording lawfully made under this title that has been
        distributed;
          (C) a featured recording artist who performs on a sound
        recording that has been distributed; or
          (D) any association or other organization - 
            (i) representing persons specified in subparagraph (A),
          (B), or (C), or
            (ii) engaged in licensing rights in musical works to music
          users on behalf of writers and publishers.

        (8) To "manufacture" means to produce or assemble a product in
      the United States. A "manufacturer" is a person who manufactures.
        (9) A "music publisher" is a person that is authorized to
      license the reproduction of a particular musical work in a sound
      recording.
        (10) A "professional model product" is an audio recording
      device that is designed, manufactured, marketed, and intended for
      use by recording professionals in the ordinary course of a lawful
      business, in accordance with such requirements as the Secretary
      of Commerce shall establish by regulation.
        (11) The term "serial copying" means the duplication in a
      digital format of a copyrighted musical work or sound recording
      from a digital reproduction of a digital musical recording. The
      term "digital reproduction of a digital musical recording" does
      not include a digital musical recording as distributed, by
      authority of the copyright owner, for ultimate sale to consumers.
        (12) The "transfer price" of a digital audio recording device
      or a digital audio recording medium - 
          (A) is, subject to subparagraph (B) - 
            (i) in the case of an imported product, the actual entered
          value at United States Customs (exclusive of any freight,
          insurance, and applicable duty), and
            (ii) in the case of a domestic product, the manufacturer's
          transfer price (FOB the manufacturer, and exclusive of any
          direct sales taxes or excise taxes incurred in connection
          with the sale); and

          (B) shall, in a case in which the transferor and transferee
        are related entities or within a single entity, not be less
        than a reasonable arms-length price under the principles of the
        regulations adopted pursuant to section 482 of the Internal
        Revenue Code of 1986, or any successor provision to such
        section.

        (13) A "writer" is the composer or lyricist of a particular
      musical work.



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