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U.S. Code as of:
01/19/04
Section 1021. Congressional declarations
(a) Generally
The Congress declares that it is the continuing policy and
responsibility of the Federal Government to use all practicable
means, consistent with its needs and obligations and other
essential national policies, and with the assistance and
cooperation of both small and larger businesses, agriculture,
labor, and State and local governments, to coordinate and utilize
all its plans, functions, and resources for the purpose of creating
and maintaining, in a manner calculated to foster and promote free
competitive enterprise and the general welfare, conditions which
promote useful employment opportunities, including self-employment,
for those able, willing, and seeking to work, and promote full
employment and production, increased real income, balanced growth,
a balanced Federal budget, adequate productivity growth, proper
attention to national priorities, achievement of an improved trade
balance through increased exports and improvement in the
international competitiveness of agriculture, business, and
industry, and reasonable price stability as provided in section
1022b(b) of this title.
(b) Full opportunities for employment
The Congress further declares and establishes as a national goal
the fulfillment of the right to full opportunities for useful paid
employment at fair rates of compensation of all individuals able,
willing, and seeking to work.
(c) Inflation
The Congress further declares that inflation is a major national
problem requiring improved government policies relating to food,
energy, improved and coordinated fiscal and monetary management,
the reform of outmoded rules and regulations of the Federal
Government, the correction of structural defects in the economy
that prevent or seriously impede competition in private markets,
and other measures to reduce the rate of inflation.
(d) Coordination of Federal policies and programs
The Congress further declares that it is the purpose of the Full
Employment and Balanced Growth Act of 1978 [15 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.]
to improve the coordination and integration of the policies and
programs of the Federal Government toward achievement of the
objectives of such Act through better management, increased
efficiency, and attention to long-range as well as short-range
problems and to balancing the Federal budget.
(e) Federal controls
The Congress further declares that, although it is the purpose
under the Full Employment and Balanced Growth Act of 1978 [15
U.S.C. 3101 et seq.] to seek diligently and to encourage the
voluntary cooperation of the private sector in helping to achieve
the objectives of such Act, no provisions of such Act or this
chapter shall be used, with respect to any portion of the private
sector of the economy, to provide for Federal Government control of
production, employment, allocation of resources, or wages and
prices, except to the extent authorized under other Federal laws.
(f) Expansion of private employment
The Congress further declares that it is the purpose of the Full
Employment and Balanced Growth Act of 1978 [15 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.]
to maximize and place primary emphasis upon the expansion of
private employment, and all programs and policies under such Act
shall be in accord with such purpose. Toward this end, the effort
to expand jobs to the full employment level shall be in this order
of priority to the extent consistent with balanced growth -
(1) expansion of conventional private jobs through improved use
of general economic and structural policies, including measures
to encourage private sector investment and capital formation;
(2) expansion of private employment through Federal assistance
in connection with the priority programs in such Act;
(3) expansion of public employment other than through the
provisions of section 206 of such Act [15 U.S.C. 3116]; and
(4) when recommended by the President under section 206 of such
Act [15 U.S.C. 3116] and subject to the limitations in such
section, the creation of employment through the methods set forth
in such section.
(g) Trade deficits
The Congress further declares that trade deficits are a major
national problem requiring a strong national export policy
including improved Government policies relating to the promotion,
facilitation, and financing of commercial and agricultural exports,
Government policies designed to reduce foreign barriers to exports
through international negotiation and agreement, Federal support
for research, development, and diffusion of new technologies to
promote innovation in agriculture, business, and industry, the
elimination or modification of Government rules or regulations that
burden or disadvantage exports and the national and international
competitiveness of agriculture, business, and industry, the
reexamination of antitrust laws and policies when necessary to
enable agriculture, business, and industry to meet foreign
competition in the United States and abroad, and the achievement of
a free and fair international trading system and a sound and stable
international monetary order.
(h) Balanced Federal budget
The Congress further declares that it is the purpose of the Full
Employment and Balanced Growth Act of 1978 [15 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.]
to achieve a balanced Federal budget consistent with the
achievement of the medium-term goals specified in section 1022a of
this title.
(i) Investment needs of private enterprise
The Congress further declares that it is the continuing policy
and responsibility of the Federal Government, in cooperation with
State and local governments, to use all practical means consistent
with other essential considerations of national policy to provide
sufficient incentives to assure meeting the investment needs of
private enterprise, including the needs of small and medium sized
businesses, in order to increase the production of goods, the
provision of services, employment, the opportunity for profit, the
payment of taxes, and to reduce and control inflation. To the
extent it is reasonably possible to do so, private enterprise
investments in depressed urban and rural areas should be promoted
to reduce the high levels of unemployment that exist there.
(j) Reliance on private sector
The Congress further declares that it is the purpose of the Full
Employment and Balanced Growth Act of 1978 [15 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.]
to rely principally on the private sector for expansion of economic
activity and creation of new jobs for a growing labor force. Toward
this end, it is the purpose of this chapter to encourage the
adoption of fiscal policies that would establish the share of the
gross national product accounted for by Federal outlays at the
lowest level consistent with national needs and priorities.
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